CEEW

According to CEEW India, for India to achieve its ambitious goal of net-zero emissions by 2070, solar power capacity would have to increase to over 5,600 GW, coal use, particularly in the power sector, would have to drop by 99 percent by 2060, and crude oil production would have to peak in 2050 and then decline by 90 percent over the next two decades. On Monday, Prime Minister Narendra Modi startled attendees at the COP26 climate meeting with a bold pledge to decrease India’s emissions to zero by 2070. India is the world’s third-largest emitter of greenhouse gases.

“The economic cost of India’s net-zero 2070 transition (would be) over USD 13,000 billion between 2030 and 2100,” according to the Council on Energy, Environment, and Water, a Delhi-based non-profit policy research organization.

India will have to clean up the most coal-dependent of the world’s major power industries to achieve net-zero. The CEEW stated, “Coal-based (power) generation must peak by 2040 and then decline by 99 percent between 2040 and 2060.” “By 2050, solar-based power capacity must reach 1,689 GW, and by 2070, it must reach 5,630 GW. By 2050, wind-based power generation capacity must reach 557 GW, and by 2070, it must reach 1792 GW.” India had 96.96 gigawatts (GW) of renewable energy capacity as of July 2021, accounting for 25.2 percent of the total installed power capacity. By 2030, the country wants to have 450 GW of installed renewable energy capacity, with solar accounting for 280 GW (more than 60%).

Modi increased the renewable energy capacity target for 2030 from 450 GW to 500 GW on Monday, vowing to use renewable energy to generate half of the country’s electricity. By the end of the decade, India plans to reduce carbon emissions by 1 billion tonnes compared to current levels. The country still needs to draw out a clear plan for the 40 years between now and 2070 to meet the 2070 target. According to CEEW, by 2070, EVs must account for 84 percent of all car sales. “By 2070, electric trucks must account for 79 percent of all freight trucks, with hydrogen providing the remainder. Biofuel blends in oil for vehicles, trucks, and aircraft must reach a minimum of 84 percent “2070 is the year.”

Similarly, industrial coal use must peak by 2040 and then decline by 97% between 2040 and 2065. By 2050, hydrogen’s proportion of total industrial energy use (heat and feedstock) must reach 15%, and by 2070, it must reach 19%. “The intensity of energy use in the building industry as a percentage of total GDP must fall by 45 percent between 2015 and 2050, and another 2.5 percent between 2050 and 2070,” according to CEEW. It also said that crude oil usage in the economy must peak by 2050 and then fall by 90% between 2050 and 2070.

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